Motores eléctricos: Tipos, funcionamiento y control en Inglés Técnico

Question 1

¿Qué tipo de motor NO es un motor eléctrico?

Accepted Answer

Motor de gasolina

Answer

Motor de inducción

Answer

Motor de CC

Answer

Motor síncrono

Question 2

¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones describe correctamente el funcionamiento de un motor de CC?

Accepted Answer

El rotor gira cuando el campo magnético interactúa con los conductores del rotor.

Answer

El campo magnético se crea mediante imanes permanentes.

Answer

La corriente alterna se convierte en corriente continua dentro del motor.

Answer

El motor solo funciona a una velocidad constante.

Question 3

El método de arranque estrella-triángulo para motores de inducción se emplea principalmente para:

Accepted Answer

Reducir la corriente de arranque

Answer

Aumentar el par de arranque

Answer

Mejorar la eficiencia

Answer

Invertir la dirección de rotación

Question 4

¿Qué dispositivo se utiliza para controlar la velocidad de un motor síncrono?

Accepted Answer

Convertidor de frecuencia

Answer

Tiristor

Answer

Relé de sobrecarga

Answer

Resistencia variable

Question 5

En un sistema de control de motores, ¿cuál es la función de un sensor de posición?

Accepted Answer

Proporcionar información sobre la posición del rotor

Answer

Supervisar la velocidad del motor

Answer

Detectar la temperatura del motor

Answer

Proteger el motor de sobrecargas

Question 6

Identify the type of electric motor that operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction.

Accepted Answer

Asynchronous induction motor

Answer

Stepper motor

Answer

Synchronous motor

Answer

DC motor

Question 7

In an electric motor, which component generates the rotating magnetic field responsible for rotor movement?

Accepted Answer

Stator

Answer

Rotor

Answer

Armature

Answer

Commutator

Question 8

Which characteristic is unique to synchronous motors, distinguishing them from other types of electric motors?

Accepted Answer

Synchronized speed with the power supply frequency

Answer

High starting torque

Answer

Variable speed operation

Answer

Self-starting capability

Question 9

What is the primary purpose of a starter in an electric motor circuit?

Accepted Answer

To limit current flow during the starting phase

Answer

To provide overload protection

Answer

To control motor speed

Answer

To reverse motor rotation

Question 10

What key difference distinguishes single-phase motors from three-phase motors?

Accepted Answer

Number of phases in the power supply

Answer

Stator construction

Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Starting method

Question 11

Identify the type of DC motor that maintains a constant field current, resulting in a linear relationship between speed and load.

Accepted Answer

Shunt motor

Answer

Compound motor

Answer

Series motor

Answer

Stepper motor

Question 12

In a DC motor, the commutator serves which crucial function?

Accepted Answer

Reversing current flow in the rotor windings

Answer

Storing electrical energy

Answer

Generating electricity

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a typical application of electric motors?

Accepted Answer

Heating systems

Answer

Industrial machinery

Answer

Electric vehicles

Answer

Fans

Question 14

¿Qué tipo de motor eléctrico de corriente alterna convierte la energía eléctrica en energía mecánica con un deslizamiento constante?

Accepted Answer

Motor de inducción

Answer

Motor paso a paso

Answer

Motor de reluctancia síncrona

Answer

Motor síncrono

Question 15

¿Qué tipo de motor eléctrico se caracteriza por su bajo coste, robustez y alto par de arranque?

Accepted Answer

Motor de inducción de jaula de ardilla

Answer

Motor de inducción de rotor bobinado

Answer

Motor paso a paso

Answer

Motor de reluctancia síncrona

Question 16

¿Qué tipo de control de velocidad de motores de corriente continua implica variar la fuerza electromotriz inducida en la armadura?

Accepted Answer

Control de armadura

Answer

Control de par

Answer

Control de campo

Answer

Control de velocidad variable

Question 17

¿Cuál de las siguientes características es exclusiva de los motores síncronos?

Accepted Answer

Velocidad síncrona constante, independiente de la carga

Answer

Par de arranque elevado

Answer

Bajo coste de fabricación

Answer

Funcionamiento con corriente continua

Question 18

¿Qué opción NO corresponde a un tipo de motor eléctrico?

Accepted Answer

Motor de combustión interna

Answer

Motor de corriente continua

Answer

Motor de inducción

Question 19

¿Qué tipo de motor eléctrico es comúnmente utilizado en herramientas eléctricas portátiles?

Accepted Answer

Motor de corriente continua

Answer

Motor de inducción

Answer

Motor síncrono

Answer

Motor paso a paso

Question 20

¿Qué tipo de motor eléctrico es idóneo para aplicaciones que requieren un par elevado a bajas velocidades?

Accepted Answer

Motor de corriente continua con excitación en serie

Answer

Motor de inducción de jaula de ardilla

Answer

Motor síncrono de imanes permanentes

Answer

Motor paso a paso

Question 21

¿Cuál es la principal ventaja del uso de imanes permanentes en los motores eléctricos?

Accepted Answer

Mayor eficiencia energética

Answer

Menor ruido

Answer

Mayor par de arranque

Answer

Tamaño más compacto

Question 22

In an electric motor, the stator's main role is to:

Accepted Answer

Generate a magnetic field that interacts with the rotor.

Answer

Regulate the speed of the motor.

Answer

Convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Question 23

Which type of motor is commonly found in industrial settings?

Accepted Answer

Induction motor

Answer

DC motor

Answer

Stepper motor

Answer

Synchronous motor

Question 24

The primary purpose of a starter in an electric motor is to:

Accepted Answer

Control the initial current flow, preventing motor damage.

Answer

Improve the motor's efficiency.

Answer

Regulate the motor's speed.

Question 25

To control the speed of a DC motor, which method is typically employed?

Accepted Answer

Adjusting the voltage applied to the armature.

Answer

Altering the frequency of the AC supply.

Answer

Changing the magnetic field strength.

Answer

Modifying the rotor resistance.

Question 26

The principle behind the operation of an induction motor involves:

Accepted Answer

Interaction between a rotating magnetic field and induced currents in the rotor.

Answer

Conversion of electrical energy into heat.

Answer

Movement of charged particles in a magnetic field.

Question 27

In an electric motor system, the primary function of a brake is to:

Accepted Answer

Bring the motor to a rapid and controlled stop.

Answer

Increase the motor's efficiency.

Answer

Regulate the motor's speed.

Answer

Prevent motor overheating.

Question 28

A motor with a power rating of 10 horsepower (HP) is equivalent to approximately:

Accepted Answer

7.46 kilowatts (kW)

Answer

10 kW

Answer

5 kW

Answer

15 kW