Test de Batería para Electromecánica de Vehículos Automóviles

Question 1

Which of these battery types is NOT commonly found in vehicles?

Accepted Answer

Alkaline battery

Answer

Lead-acid battery

Answer

Lithium-ion battery

Answer

NiMH battery

Question 2

¿Cuál es el proceso electroquímico que convierte la energía acumulada en una batería en energía eléctrica?

Accepted Answer

Reducción-oxidación (redox)

Answer

Electrólisis

Answer

Combustión

Answer

Fotosíntesis

Question 3

¿Cuál de los siguientes componentes es esencial en una batería de plomo-ácido?

Accepted Answer

Placas de plomo

Answer

Separadores de caucho

Answer

Electrolito de gel

Answer

Terminales de níquel

Question 4

¿Cuál es una ventaja significativa de las baterías de níquel-cadmio?

Accepted Answer

Capacidad para soportar múltiples ciclos de carga y descarga

Answer

Costo inicial bajo

Answer

Bajo impacto ambiental

Answer

Alta densidad de energía

Question 5

¿Cuál es el propósito principal de un separador en una batería?

Accepted Answer

Prevenir el contacto físico entre las placas positivas y negativas

Answer

Almacenar electrolito adicional

Answer

Proporcionar soporte estructural a los electrodos

Answer

Mejorar la conductividad eléctrica

Question 6

¿Qué instrumento se utiliza para medir la densidad del electrolito de una batería de plomo-ácido?

Accepted Answer

Densímetro

Answer

Voltímetro

Answer

Multímetro

Answer

Termómetro

Question 7

¿Cuál de los siguientes factores NO influye en la vida útil de una batería?

Accepted Answer

Temperaturas moderadas

Answer

Descargas profundas repetitivas

Answer

Almacenamiento prolongado en estado descargado

Answer

Sobrecargas frecuentes

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a type of battery technology?

Accepted Answer

Gas battery

Answer

Lead-acid battery

Answer

Lithium-ion battery

Answer

Nickel-cadmium battery

Question 9

What is the primary function of a battery?

Accepted Answer

To store and release electrical energy

Answer

To protect electrical circuits

Answer

To generate electrical energy

Answer

To regulate electrical current

Question 10

Which of the following chemical reactions takes place within a lead-acid battery during discharge?

Accepted Answer

Pb + PbO2 + 2H2SO4 → 2PbSO4 + 2H2O

Answer

Li + O2 → Li2O

Answer

Cd + NiOOH + H2O → Cd(OH)2 + Ni(OH)2

Answer

Fe + 2H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2

Question 11

What is the role of the electrolyte in a battery?

Accepted Answer

To provide a conductive medium for ion movement

Answer

To store the electrical energy

Answer

To act as a separator between the electrodes

Answer

To prevent the discharge of the battery

Question 12

Which of the following factors can affect the lifespan of a battery?

Accepted Answer

Discharge rate, temperature, and depth of discharge

Answer

Brand name and manufacturer

Answer

Battery size and weight

Question 13

What is the optimal voltage range for charging a 12-volt lead-acid battery?

Accepted Answer

13.5 - 14.5 volts

Answer

15 - 17 volts

Answer

It depends on the battery capacity

Answer

10 - 12 volts

Question 14

What type of maintenance is recommended to prolong the lifespan of a battery?

Accepted Answer

Regular cleaning, checking terminals, and monitoring fluid levels

Answer

Only charging when completely discharged

Answer

None, batteries are maintenance-free

Question 15

What is the term for connecting multiple batteries in parallel to increase their capacity?

Accepted Answer

Parallel connection

Answer

Cluster connection

Answer

Hybrid connection

Answer

Series connection

Question 16

Which of the following is a safety precaution to observe when handling batteries?

Accepted Answer

Wear appropriate protective gear

Answer

Dispose of batteries in regular trash

Answer

Charge batteries in enclosed spaces

Answer

Handle batteries with bare hands

Question 17

What is the typical capacity range for a car battery?

Accepted Answer

35 - 100 Ah

Answer

150 - 200 Ah

Answer

5 - 10 Ah

Answer

10 - 20 Ah

Question 18

¿Cuál es la función principal de los electrolitos en las baterías?

Accepted Answer

Permitir el movimiento de iones entre los electrodos

Answer

Generar corriente eléctrica

Answer

Almacenar energía química

Answer

Separar las placas de la batería

Question 19

¿Qué factor externo puede afectar significativamente a la vida útil de una batería de vehículo?

Accepted Answer

Temperatura ambiente

Answer

Color de los cables de conexión

Answer

Marca del fabricante

Answer

Posición de montaje del motor

Question 20

¿Cuál es el voltaje nominal de una batería de plomo-ácido común utilizada en vehículos?

Accepted Answer

12 voltios

Answer

18 voltios

Answer

24 voltios

Answer

6 voltios

Question 21

Al desconectar una batería de vehículo, ¿qué medida de seguridad debe priorizarse?

Accepted Answer

Desconectar primero el terminal negativo

Answer

Proteger los ojos con gafas de seguridad

Answer

Retirar joyas y objetos metálicos

Answer

Usar siempre guantes

Question 22

¿Cuál de los siguientes instrumentos se utiliza habitualmente para comprobar el estado de carga de una batería?

Accepted Answer

Multímetro

Answer

Manómetro

Answer

Sensor de temperatura

Answer

Amperímetro

Question 23

¿Cuál es el propósito principal del separador en una batería de vehículo?

Accepted Answer

Evitar el contacto entre las placas positivas y negativas

Answer

Almacenar energía adicional

Answer

Mejorar la conductividad eléctrica

Question 24

¿Qué condición operativa de una batería de vehículo puede provocar la formación de sulfatos en las placas?

Accepted Answer

Descarga excesiva

Answer

Cortocircuito interno

Answer

Sobrecarga

Answer

Exposición a altas temperaturas

Question 25

¿Cuál de los siguientes tipos de batería NO existe?

Accepted Answer

Dinámica

Answer

Li-Ion

Answer

NiMH

Answer

Plomo-ácido

Question 26

La densidad energética hace referencia a:

Accepted Answer

La capacidad de almacenamiento de energía en un volumen determinado.

Answer

La rapidez con la que una batería libera su energía.

Answer

El número de recargas que admite una batería.

Question 27

Las baterías NiMH destacan por su:

Accepted Answer

Duración

Answer

Bajo coste

Answer

Densidad energética óptima

Answer

Alta tasa de autodescarga

Question 28

Para un correcto mantenimiento de las baterías, se recomienda:

Accepted Answer

Limpiar los terminales.

Answer

Someterlas a temperaturas extremas.

Answer

Mantenerlas descargadas durante periodos prolongados.

Answer

Añadir agua destilada sin diluir.

Question 29

¿Qué herramienta se emplea para medir el voltaje de una batería?

Accepted Answer

Voltímetro

Answer

Tacómetro

Answer

Ohmímetro

Answer

Amperímetro

Question 30

Los ciclos de carga y descarga influyen principalmente en:

Accepted Answer

La vida útil de la batería.

Answer

La densidad energética de la batería.

Answer

La tasa de autodescarga de la batería.

Answer

El voltaje de la batería.

Question 31

¿Cuál es una función clave de la batería en un vehículo?

Accepted Answer

Arrancar el motor.

Answer

Iluminar el vehículo.

Answer

Frenar el vehículo.

Answer

Transmitir potencia a las ruedas.

Question 32

Las baterías de estado sólido se caracterizan por el uso de:

Accepted Answer

Electrolitos sólidos.

Answer

Electrolitos gaseosos.

Answer

Ausencia de electrolitos.

Answer

Electrolitos líquidos.

Question 33

¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones sobre las baterías es FALSA?

Accepted Answer

Las baterías proporcionan corriente alterna.

Answer

Las baterías almacenan energía eléctrica.

Answer

Las baterías son recargables.

Answer

Las baterías tienen una vida útil limitada.

Question 34

What is the main purpose of a car battery?

Accepted Answer

To provide the initial electrical energy needed to start the engine.

Answer

To charge the alternator.

Answer

To power the headlights.

Answer

To cool the engine.

Question 35

Which type of battery is most commonly used in modern vehicles?

Accepted Answer

Lead-acid battery.

Answer

Fuel cell.

Answer

Lithium-ion battery.

Answer

Nickel-cadmium battery.

Question 36

What does 'CCA' stand for when talking about car batteries?

Accepted Answer

Cold Cranking Amps.

Answer

Charging Capacity Amps.

Answer

Current Control Amps.

Answer

Constant Current Amps.

Question 37

What mainly determines the capacity of a lead-acid battery?

Accepted Answer

The size and number of plates within the battery.

Answer

The type of electrolyte used.

Answer

The material of the battery casing.

Question 38

How often should you check the electrolyte level in a car battery?

Accepted Answer

Every 3 to 6 months.

Answer

Once a year.

Answer

Every oil change.

Answer

Only when the battery shows signs of weakness.

Question 39

What is the main cause of battery sulfation?

Accepted Answer

Undercharging or leaving the battery in a low charge state for extended periods.

Answer

Overcharging the battery.

Answer

Exposure to extreme temperatures.

Question 40

What is the correct procedure for jump-starting a car battery?

Accepted Answer

Connect the positive cables to the positive terminals of both batteries, then connect the negative cable to the negative terminal of the good battery and then to a metal grounding point on the vehicle with the dead battery.

Answer

Connect the positive cables to the negative terminals of both batteries and the negative cables to the positive terminals.

Question 41

Which of the following are signs of a failing car battery?

Accepted Answer

Dim headlights and slow engine cranking.

Answer

Increased fuel efficiency.

Answer

Consistent engine temperature.

Answer

Smooth acceleration.

Question 42

What is the purpose of a battery charger?

Accepted Answer

To restore the charge of a discharged battery.

Answer

To test the battery's health.

Answer

To increase the battery's capacity.

Answer

To maintain the battery's charge while the vehicle is not in use.

Question 43

How should you store a car battery for an extended period?

Accepted Answer

Fully charge it and store it in a cool, dry place.

Answer

Store it in a warm, dry place.

Answer

Store it with the terminals connected to a load.

Answer

Store it in a cold, damp place.