Sistemas de Gestión de Calidad: Cuestionarios y Ejercicios Interactivos

Question 1

Which ISO standard is specifically designed for the aerospace industry?

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO 9001:2015

Answer

ISO 27001:2013

Answer

ISO 14001:2015

Question 2

Which of the following is a core principle of the ISO 9001:2015 standard?

Accepted Answer

Customer focus

Answer

Financial management

Answer

Environmental protection

Answer

Employee motivation

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of a quality manual in a Quality Management System (QMS)?

Accepted Answer

To define the organization's quality policies, objectives, and procedures

Answer

To document employee training and qualifications

Answer

To track and record product defects

Question 4

Which of the following is a common internal audit method employed in QMS?

Accepted Answer

Process audit

Answer

Financial audit

Answer

Performance audit

Answer

Legal audit

Question 5

What is the primary objective of implementing corrective actions within a QMS?

Accepted Answer

To eliminate the root cause of non-conformities and prevent recurrence

Answer

To punish responsible individuals

Answer

To prevent future occurrences of non-conformities

Answer

To document and report non-conformities

Question 6

Which of the following is a crucial characteristic of a well-defined quality objective?

Accepted Answer

Measurability

Answer

Ambiguity

Answer

Subjectivity

Question 7

What is the primary function of management review within a QMS?

Accepted Answer

To assess the effectiveness of the QMS and drive continuous improvement

Answer

To investigate customer complaints

Answer

To approve new product designs

Question 8

Which of the following is a key advantage of adopting a risk-based approach in a QMS?

Accepted Answer

Prioritizing quality improvement and resource allocation based on risk assessment

Answer

Boosting employee morale and motivation

Answer

Eliminating all potential risks

Answer

Reducing the frequency of external audits

Question 9

What is the main purpose of utilizing control charts in a QMS?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and maintain process stability and identify potential deviations

Answer

To identify the root cause of non-conformities

Answer

To train employees in quality control techniques

Answer

To predict future product defects with certainty

Question 10

¿Cuál de las siguientes NO es un sistema de gestión de calidad reconocido internacionalmente?

Accepted Answer

AS9102

Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO 9001

Answer

ISO 13485

Question 11

El principio de gestión de calidad que se centra en la mejora continua de los procesos y el rendimiento se conoce como:

Accepted Answer

Mejora continua

Answer

Liderazgo

Answer

Orientación al cliente

Answer

Participación del personal

Question 12

¿Qué estándar de sistema de gestión de calidad es específico para la industria aeroespacial?

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO/TS 16949

Answer

ISO 9001

Answer

ISO 13485

Question 13

El proceso de identificar, analizar y gestionar los riesgos asociados con los procesos de producción se denomina:

Accepted Answer

Gestión de riesgos

Answer

Mejora continua

Answer

Control de procesos

Answer

Planificación de la calidad

Question 14

¿Cuál de los siguientes NO es un beneficio de implementar un sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Aumento de las quejas de los clientes

Answer

Mejora de la eficiencia

Answer

Reducción de los residuos

Question 15

El documento que describe los procedimientos y responsabilidades para mantener el sistema de gestión de calidad se denomina:

Accepted Answer

Manual de calidad

Answer

Plan de control de calidad

Answer

Política de calidad

Answer

Procedimiento de trabajo

Question 16

La responsabilidad final de garantizar la eficacia del sistema de gestión de calidad recae en el:

Accepted Answer

Director ejecutivo

Answer

Supervisor

Answer

Gerente de calidad

Answer

Equipo de mejora de la calidad

Question 17

¿Cuál de los siguientes es un requisito clave de la norma ISO 9001?

Accepted Answer

Enfoque basado en procesos

Answer

Registro de todas las actividades

Answer

Inspección del 100% de los productos

Answer

Certificación de todos los empleados

Question 18

El concepto de gestión de calidad total (TQM) implica:

Accepted Answer

Involucrar a todos los empleados en la mejora de la calidad

Answer

Establecer objetivos de calidad inalcanzables

Answer

Centrarse únicamente en los procesos de producción

Question 19

In the aviation industry, what is the primary function of AS9100?

Accepted Answer

Establishing quality standards for aviation organizations

Answer

Tracking product inventory

Answer

Boosting employee morale

Question 20

Within a quality management system, what is the main objective of internal audits?

Accepted Answer

Assessing compliance and identifying potential improvements

Answer

Training staff on quality procedures

Answer

Issuing penalties for non-compliance

Question 21

In a quality management system, what is the significance of management review?

Accepted Answer

Evaluating system effectiveness and making decisions for improvement

Answer

Assigning quality responsibilities to employees

Answer

Conducting external audits

Question 22

Among the following, which is a tool commonly used in quality management?

Accepted Answer

Pareto chart

Answer

Cash flow statement

Answer

Balance sheet

Answer

Work breakdown structure

Question 23

What is the primary purpose of defining a quality policy?

Accepted Answer

Outlining quality goals and commitments for the organization

Answer

Motivating employees through rewards

Answer

Setting specific quality targets

Question 24

Define the characteristics of a high-quality product:

Accepted Answer

Meeting customer expectations and adhering to defined specifications

Answer

Being produced quickly and cost-effectively

Answer

Having an attractive appearance

Question 25

¿Cuál de los siguientes NO es un principio fundamental de la norma ISO 9001:2015?

Accepted Answer

Reducción de costes

Answer

Liderazgo

Answer

Mejora continua

Answer

Enfoque al cliente

Question 26

¿Qué norma está diseñada específicamente para la industria aeroespacial y de defensa?

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO 14001

Answer

IATF 16949

Answer

ISO 9001

Question 27

¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones NO es potencialmente una ventaja de implementar un sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Aumento de las ventas

Answer

Mejora de la eficiencia

Answer

Reducción de costes

Question 28

¿Qué herramienta se utiliza para identificar y evaluar los riesgos en un sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Análisis de riesgos y oportunidades (ARO)

Answer

Auditoría interna

Answer

Encuestas de satisfacción del cliente

Answer

Revisión por la dirección

Question 29

¿Cuál es el primer paso en el proceso de auditoría interna?

Accepted Answer

Planificación

Answer

Ejecución

Answer

Seguimiento

Answer

Informe

Question 30

¿Qué tipo de auditoría la realiza una organización externa a la empresa auditada?

Accepted Answer

Auditoría externa

Answer

Auditoría interna

Answer

Auditoría de primera parte

Answer

Auditoría de segunda parte

Question 31

¿Qué documento establece los requisitos para un sistema de gestión de calidad según ISO 9001?

Accepted Answer

Norma ISO 9001

Answer

Manual de calidad

Answer

Registros de auditoría

Answer

Procedimientos

Question 32

¿Qué herramienta se emplea para medir y analizar el rendimiento de un proceso?

Accepted Answer

Indicadores clave de rendimiento (KPI)

Answer

Diagrama de espina de pez

Answer

Análisis de Pareto

Answer

Análisis DAFO

Question 33

Identifica el principio fundamental de la norma ISO 9001:

Accepted Answer

Enfoque en el cliente

Answer

Participación de los empleados

Answer

Mejora continua

Answer

Liderazgo

Question 34

Indica la norma diseñada específicamente para el sector aeroespacial:

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO 9001

Answer

ISO 14001

Answer

ISO 45001

Question 35

Identifica el proceso central para la mejora continua en un sistema de gestión de calidad:

Accepted Answer

Ciclo PDCA

Answer

Control estadístico de procesos

Answer

Análisis de la causa raíz

Answer

Auditorías internas

Question 36

¿Qué herramienta se utiliza para identificar y abordar los riesgos en un sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Análisis de riesgos y oportunidades

Answer

Gráfico de control

Answer

Diagrama de Pareto

Question 37

¿Qué función es responsable de implantar y mantener un sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Representante de la dirección

Answer

Auditor interno

Answer

Ingeniero de procesos

Answer

Controlador de calidad

Question 38

¿Qué documento especifica los requisitos del sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Manual de calidad

Answer

Registro de no conformidades

Answer

Plan de auditoría

Answer

Procedimiento de control de documentos

Question 39

¿Qué concepto describe la documentación de los procesos y procedimientos del sistema de gestión de calidad?

Accepted Answer

Control de documentos

Answer

Auditoría interna

Answer

Análisis de riesgos

Answer

Gestión de registros

Question 40

Which of the following is **not** an advantage of implementing a Quality Management System (QMS)?

Accepted Answer

Increased customer complaints

Answer

Enhanced product quality

Answer

Improved employee morale

Answer

Reduced production costs

Question 41

Which ISO standard is specifically designed for the aerospace industry?

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

ISO 14001 (Environmental Management Systems)

Answer

ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems)

Answer

ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems)

Question 42

What is the primary purpose of the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle in a QMS?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate continuous improvement

Answer

To identify and correct defects

Answer

To monitor and measure performance

Answer

To establish quality goals

Question 43

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of ISO 9001?

Accepted Answer

Customer focus

Answer

Environmental sustainability

Answer

Employee empowerment

Answer

Financial profitability

Question 44

What is the main purpose of conducting internal audits in a QMS?

Accepted Answer

To evaluate the effectiveness of the system

Answer

To identify opportunities for improvement

Answer

To conduct customer satisfaction surveys

Answer

To certify compliance with external standards

Question 45

Which tool is commonly employed for risk assessment in a QMS?

Accepted Answer

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

Answer

Design of Experiments (DOE)

Answer

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Answer

Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

Question 46

What is the primary responsibility of the Quality Assurance (QA) department in a manufacturing organization?

Accepted Answer

Ensuring that products meet quality standards

Answer

Training employees on quality procedures

Answer

Conducting research and development

Answer

Handling customer complaints

Question 47

Explain the distinction between a quality policy and a quality objective.

Accepted Answer

A quality policy establishes the overall direction, while quality objectives are specific, measurable targets used to achieve that policy.

Answer

A quality policy applies to the entire organization, while quality objectives are specific to individual departments.

Answer

A quality policy is mandatory, while quality objectives are voluntary.

Question 48

¿Cuál de los siete principios fundamentales de ISO 9001 se centra en satisfacer las necesidades y expectativas del cliente?

Accepted Answer

Enfoque al cliente

Answer

Participación de las personas

Answer

Enfoque basado en procesos

Answer

Mejora continua

Question 49

¿Qué sistema de gestión de calidad está diseñado específicamente para la industria aeroespacial y es una extensión de los requisitos de ISO 9001?

Accepted Answer

AS9100

Answer

IATF 16949

Answer

ISO 14001

Answer

Lean Six Sigma

Question 50

¿Qué requisito adicional de AS9100 está relacionado con la prevención de la contaminación y los daños causados por objetos extraños en la industria aeroespacial?

Accepted Answer

Prevención de objetos extraños (FOD)

Answer

Inspección y pruebas

Answer

Diseño del proceso

Answer

Gestión de materiales

Question 51

¿Qué documento documenta los procesos y procedimientos del sistema de gestión de calidad y proporciona una visión general de su alcance y estructura?

Accepted Answer

Manual de calidad

Answer

Manual del empleado

Answer

Norma ISO 9001

Answer

Plan de auditoría