Test de Seguridad Informática en Inglés Técnico para Sistemas Microinformáticos y Redes

Question 1

Identify the option that does NOT represent a category of malware:

Accepted Answer

Firewall

Answer

Worm

Answer

Trojan horse

Answer

Virus

Question 2

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and regulate incoming and outgoing network activity in accordance with predefined security rules.

Answer

To identify and eliminate malware from computer systems.

Answer

To encrypt data prior to its transmission over a network.

Question 3

Which of the following best exemplifies a robust password?

Accepted Answer

An extended, intricate password incorporating a combination of lowercase and uppercase letters, numbers, and characters.

Answer

A password that can be easily memorized.

Question 4

What is the fundamental purpose of cryptography?

Accepted Answer

To protect data from unauthorized access through encryption.

Answer

To create a backup of data.

Answer

To erase data from a computer system.

Question 5

What is the appropriate course of action if you suspect malware infection on your computer?

Accepted Answer

Execute a malware scan and remove any infected files.

Answer

Delete all files from the computer.

Answer

Ignore the issue and hope it resolves itself.

Answer

Reinstall the operating system.

Question 6

Which practice is most effective in safeguarding against social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Exercise caution with unsolicited emails and phone calls requesting personal information.

Answer

Share passwords with anyone who requests them.

Answer

Click on all email links without verifying the sender.

Question 7

Explain the distinction between a virus and a worm.

Accepted Answer

A virus infects files, whereas a worm is a self-replicating program that propagates through networks.

Answer

A worm infects files, whereas a virus is a self-replicating program that propagates through networks.

Answer

There is no difference between a virus and a worm.

Question 8

Identify an example of a physical security measure:

Accepted Answer

Installation of a security camera

Answer

Installation of antivirus software

Answer

Creation of strong passwords

Answer

Use of a firewall

Question 9

What is the purpose of a secure socket layer (SSL) certificate?

Accepted Answer

To encrypt data transmitted between a website and a user's browser.

Answer

To detect malware

Answer

To prevent phishing attacks

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a type of malware?

Accepted Answer

Firewall

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Virus

Answer

Trojan horse

Question 11

What is the primary function of a firewall?

Accepted Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a computer or network

Answer

To encrypt data

Answer

To detect and remove viruses

Question 12

Which of the following is a key benefit of using encryption?

Accepted Answer

It ensures the confidentiality of sensitive data by making it unreadable to unauthorized parties.

Answer

It significantly speeds up data transfer rates.

Answer

It simplifies the process of data recovery.

Question 13

What is the primary objective of a phishing attack?

Accepted Answer

To trick individuals into revealing personal or sensitive information by impersonating a legitimate entity.

Answer

To infect devices with malicious software to control or steal data.

Answer

To gain unauthorized access to computer systems through software vulnerabilities.

Question 14

Which of the following is a crucial practice for mitigating social engineering attacks?

Accepted Answer

Be wary of emails and attachments from unknown or suspicious senders.

Answer

Regularly update antivirus software to the latest version.

Answer

Create complex and unique passwords for all online accounts.

Question 15

What is the primary distinction between a computer virus and a worm?

Accepted Answer

A virus attaches itself to files to infect them, while a worm propagates independently through networks.

Answer

Worms are typically more difficult to detect and remove than viruses.

Answer

Viruses cause more severe damage to systems than worms.

Question 16

Which of the following is a type of intrusion detection system?

Accepted Answer

Signature-based

Answer

Spam filter

Answer

Antivirus software

Answer

Firewall

Question 17

What is the primary purpose of deploying a honeypot in a network?

Accepted Answer

To serve as a decoy to attract and observe potential attackers.

Answer

To store valuable data securely.

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Answer

To monitor network traffic for suspicious activities.

Question 18

¿Qué medida de seguridad implica restringir el acceso a recursos específicos solo a usuarios autorizados?

Accepted Answer

Control de acceso

Answer

Copias de seguridad

Answer

Cifrado

Answer

Monitorización

Question 19

¿Qué algoritmo de cifrado utiliza una clave compartida entre el remitente y el receptor, encriptando y desencriptando datos de forma simétrica?

Accepted Answer

AES

Answer

MD5

Answer

RSA

Answer

SHA-256

Question 20

¿Qué herramienta de evaluación de vulnerabilidades está diseñada específicamente para identificar y evaluar las vulnerabilidades de seguridad en sistemas informáticos?

Accepted Answer

Nessus

Answer

Metasploit

Answer

Wireshark

Answer

Nmap

Question 21

¿Qué tipo de malware cifra los archivos de la víctima, exigiendo un rescate para su liberación, bloqueando el acceso a los datos?

Accepted Answer

Ransomware

Answer

Virus

Answer

Spyware

Answer

Gusano

Question 22

¿Qué protocolo de red proporciona una capa de cifrado para las comunicaciones a través de Internet, asegurando la confidencialidad y la integridad de los datos?

Accepted Answer

HTTPS

Answer

DNS

Answer

SMTP

Answer

FTP

Question 23

¿Cuál de las siguientes prácticas NO es una medida recomendada para fortalecer la seguridad de las contraseñas?

Accepted Answer

Usar la misma contraseña para varias cuentas

Answer

Evitar escribir las contraseñas

Answer

Cambiar las contraseñas regularmente

Answer

Crear contraseñas seguras y únicas

Question 24

¿Qué tipo de ataque intenta engañar a las víctimas para que proporcionen información confidencial, como credenciales de inicio de sesión o datos financieros, haciéndose pasar por entidades legítimas?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

DoS

Answer

Brute force

Question 25

¿Qué estándar internacional establece los requisitos para un sistema de gestión de seguridad de la información, proporcionando un marco para proteger la información confidencial y los activos de una organización?

Accepted Answer

ISO 27001

Answer

SOC 2

Answer

PCI DSS

Answer

GDPR

Question 26

¿Cuál de las siguientes prácticas es crucial para mantener un sistema de seguridad informática eficaz y reducir el riesgo de brechas de seguridad?

Accepted Answer

Actualizaciones regulares de software

Answer

Compartir cuentas de administrador

Answer

Deshabilitar el firewall

Answer

Ignorar las alertas de seguridad

Question 27

¿Cuál de las siguientes NO es una medida de seguridad física?

Accepted Answer

Software antivirus

Answer

Cámaras de seguridad

Answer

Controles de acceso

Question 28

¿Qué tipo de ataque cibernético implica interceptar y leer comunicaciones no autorizadas?

Accepted Answer

Escucha pasiva

Answer

Ataque de denegación de servicio

Answer

Ataque de fuerza bruta

Question 29

¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de un algoritmo hash?

Accepted Answer

Crear un valor único e irreversible a partir de los datos de entrada

Answer

Encriptar datos

Answer

Comprimir datos

Question 30

¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones sobre los cortafuegos es correcta?

Accepted Answer

Filtran el tráfico de red permitiendo o denegando conexiones según reglas predefinidas

Answer

Solo permiten el tráfico de red de direcciones IP específicas

Answer

Bloquean todo el tráfico de la red

Question 31

¿Qué tipo de software malicioso se especializa en recopilar información personal o financiera?

Accepted Answer

Spyware

Answer

Adware

Answer

Gusano

Answer

Troyano

Question 32

¿Cuál de los siguientes es un ejemplo de autenticación de dos factores?

Accepted Answer

Combinación de contraseña y código de verificación enviado por SMS

Answer

Únicamente contraseña

Answer

Únicamente huella dactilar

Question 33

¿Qué es el phishing?

Accepted Answer

Un intento de obtener información confidencial haciéndose pasar por una entidad legítima

Answer

Un virus que infecta dispositivos informáticos

Answer

Un método de piratería que utiliza contraseñas robadas

Question 34

¿Cuál es el propósito principal de una política de seguridad?

Accepted Answer

Establecer pautas y procedimientos para proteger los recursos y la información

Answer

Detectar y responder a incidentes de seguridad

Answer

Implementar medidas de seguridad técnicas

Question 35

¿Qué tipo de ataque cibernético implica inundar un sistema o servicio con una gran cantidad de tráfico para sobrecargarlo?

Accepted Answer

Ataque de denegación de servicio

Answer

Escucha pasiva

Answer

Ataque de fuerza bruta

Question 36

Which of the following is a common cyberattack that involves deceiving users into revealing sensitive information through fraudulent emails or websites?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Malware

Answer

DDoS

Question 37

What is the primary function of a firewall in a computer network?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predefined rules.

Answer

To encrypt data transmitted over the network

Answer

To protect against viruses and malware attacks

Question 38

Which cryptographic technique is used to ensure the integrity and authenticity of digital messages?

Accepted Answer

Digital signature

Answer

SSL

Answer

MD5

Answer

AES

Question 39

What is the central purpose of an intrusion detection system (IDS)?

Accepted Answer

To monitor network traffic and identify potential security breaches or suspicious activities.

Answer

To encrypt data stored on a hard drive

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to a computer system

Question 40

Which password creation practice is generally recommended for enhanced security?

Accepted Answer

Create passwords with a combination of upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.

Answer

Use the same password for all your online accounts for convenience.

Answer

Choose passwords that are easy to remember, even if they are simple.

Question 41

Describe the fundamental difference between a virus and a worm in the context of malware.

Accepted Answer

A virus attaches itself to executable files, while a worm is a standalone program that can replicate itself and spread independently.

Answer

Worms are always spread through email attachments

Answer

Viruses are more prevalent than worms

Question 42

Which of the following is a recognized method of social engineering?

Accepted Answer

Phishing

Answer

Brute force attack

Answer

Cross-site scripting

Question 43

What is the intended purpose of a honeypot in cybersecurity?

Accepted Answer

To decoy and entrap potential attackers by presenting a seemingly vulnerable system that attracts and collects their actions for analysis.

Answer

To passively monitor network traffic for suspicious activity

Answer

To encrypt data stored on a server

Question 44

What is the main objective of a virtual private network (VPN)?

Accepted Answer

To provide a secure and encrypted connection over a public network, ensuring privacy and protection of data.

Answer

To block access to certain websites or content

Answer

To significantly enhance internet connection speeds