Controladores Lógicos Programables (PLC): Aprende su Estructura y Programación

Question 1

Indica cuál de las siguientes opciones NO es un componente esencial de un PLC:

Accepted Answer

Alimentación eléctrica

Answer

Unidad Central de Procesamiento (CPU)

Answer

Memoria

Answer

Software de programación

Question 2

¿Cuáles de los siguientes NO son componentes esenciales de un PLC?

Accepted Answer

Sistema operativo

Answer

Unidad central de procesamiento (CPU)

Answer

Entradas

Answer

Salidas

Question 3

¿Qué lenguaje de programación está diseñado específicamente para la programación de PLC?

Accepted Answer

Ladder Logic

Answer

C++

Answer

Python

Answer

Java

Question 4

¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones es un tipo común de entrada analógica para PLC?

Accepted Answer

Sensor de temperatura

Answer

Interruptor de límite

Answer

Botón pulsador

Answer

Sensor de proximidad capacitivo

Question 5

¿Qué función principal realiza la CPU de un PLC?

Accepted Answer

Ejecutar el programa de control

Answer

Procesar señales de entrada

Answer

Controlar señales de salida

Answer

Almacenar datos del programa

Question 6

¿Cuál es la función principal de un temporizador en un programa de PLC?

Accepted Answer

Medición del tiempo

Answer

Conteo de pulsos

Answer

Generación de señales de salida

Answer

Control de secuencias

Question 7

¿Cuál es la unidad central de procesamiento (CPU) de un PLC?

Accepted Answer

Unidad lógica

Answer

Unidad de programación

Answer

Unidad de memoria

Answer

Unidad de entradas/salidas

Question 8

¿Qué lenguaje de programación se utiliza principalmente para programar PLC?

Accepted Answer

Diagrama de escalera

Answer

Python

Answer

Java

Answer

C++

Question 9

¿Cuál es el propósito de la unidad de memoria de un PLC?

Accepted Answer

Almacenar el programa y los datos

Answer

Controlar las entradas y salidas

Answer

Procesar instrucciones

Answer

Comunicarse con otros dispositivos

Question 10

¿Qué tipo de señal se emplea en los PLC para enviar órdenes a dispositivos de campo?

Accepted Answer

Señal digital

Answer

Señal analógica

Answer

Señal neumática

Answer

Señal hidráulica

Question 11

¿Cuál de las siguientes es una aplicación habitual de los PLC?

Accepted Answer

Control de procesos industriales

Answer

Procesamiento de imágenes

Answer

Reconocimiento de voz

Answer

Traducción automática

Question 12

¿Cuál es el propósito del temporizador en un PLC?

Accepted Answer

Controlar el tiempo de retardo

Answer

Almacenar datos

Answer

Procesar señales analógicas

Question 13

¿Cuál de los siguientes es un beneficio del uso de PLC en la automatización industrial?

Accepted Answer

Mayor fiabilidad

Answer

Tamaño más pequeño

Answer

Coste reducido

Answer

Mayor consumo de energía

Question 14

¿Qué elemento del PLC se utiliza para programar y configurar el PLC?

Accepted Answer

Software de programación

Answer

Interfaz de línea de comandos

Answer

Teclado integrado

Answer

Pantalla HMI

Question 15

What is the primary function of a PLC?

Accepted Answer

To control industrial processes in an automated manner.

Answer

To store and manage large amounts of data.

Answer

To perform complex computations.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a common PLC programming language?

Accepted Answer

JavaScript

Answer

Structured text

Answer

Ladder logic

Question 17

What is the role of an input module in a PLC system?

Accepted Answer

To convert electrical signals from sensors and switches into digital signals that the PLC can understand.

Answer

To provide power to the PLC.

Answer

To store the PLC program.

Answer

To generate output signals to control devices.

Question 18

Describe the key difference between a ladder logic program and a structured text program.

Accepted Answer

Ladder logic utilizes graphical symbols to represent logic, while structured text employs text-based instructions.

Answer

Structured text is more suitable for large-scale programs.

Answer

Ladder logic is more complex than structured text.

Question 19

Provide an example of a common industrial application where PLCs are utilized.

Accepted Answer

Controlling conveyor belt systems in manufacturing facilities.

Answer

Generating musical compositions.

Answer

Processing financial data.

Answer

Translating languages.

Question 20

What is the primary function of a timer in a PLC program?

Accepted Answer

To control the duration of events or delays within the program.

Answer

To store variables in memory.

Answer

To perform arithmetic operations.

Answer

To generate pulses.

Question 21

Explain the role of the central processing unit (CPU) within a PLC system.

Accepted Answer

The CPU is responsible for executing the user program, managing system resources, and controlling the overall operation of the PLC.

Answer

The CPU stores the PLC program in memory.

Answer

The CPU provides power to the PLC.

Question 22

What is the primary function of a PLC in an automated system?

Accepted Answer

To control and automate industrial processes based on programmed instructions.

Answer

To generate electrical power for the system.

Answer

To provide data storage and retrieval for the system.

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a typical component of a PLC system?

Accepted Answer

A central processing unit (CPU) for data analysis.

Answer

An input module for receiving signals from sensors.

Answer

A power supply for the system.

Answer

An output module for controlling actuators.

Question 24

Which PLC programming language is commonly used due to its intuitive visual representation?

Accepted Answer

Ladder logic

Answer

Function block diagram

Answer

Structured text

Answer

Instruction list

Question 25

What is the purpose of a timer instruction in a PLC program?

Accepted Answer

To delay or control the duration of an action or process.

Answer

To perform mathematical calculations on input values.

Answer

To store and retrieve data from external devices.

Question 26

In a PLC program, what does a 'counter' instruction typically do?

Accepted Answer

Increment or decrement a value based on specific events or conditions.

Answer

Generate a pulse signal at a predetermined frequency.

Answer

Compare two input values and determine their difference.

Question 27

What is the primary advantage of using a PLC in an industrial automation system compared to using a traditional relay-based system?

Accepted Answer

Flexibility and ease of reprogramming for changes in control logic.

Answer

Greater processing power and ability to handle complex algorithms.

Answer

Lower cost and simpler installation compared to relay systems.

Question 28

Which of the following applications is NOT a typical use case for PLCs?

Accepted Answer

Managing complex financial transactions in a banking system.

Answer

Automating packaging and labeling processes.

Answer

Controlling conveyor systems in a factory.

Question 29

What is the significance of 'scan time' in a PLC system?

Accepted Answer

The time interval required for the PLC to execute its program and update its outputs.

Answer

The amount of data that can be processed by the PLC per second.

Answer

The duration of the power supply to the PLC.

Question 30

How do PLCs typically communicate with other devices and systems?

Accepted Answer

Using various communication protocols like Ethernet, RS-232, or Profibus.

Answer

Through direct electrical connections using relays and switches.

Answer

By transmitting signals via radio waves or infrared beams.